Abstract
目的 运用16层螺旋CT三维(3D)和多平面重组技术对先天性脊柱侧弯患儿进行评估,探讨此技术的优势和临床指导意义.方法搜集2004年4至10月间27例先天性脊柱侧弯患儿的影像学资料,男13例,女14例,中位年龄3岁.27例均进行了X 线片、16层螺旋CT 容积3D、标准和曲面多平面重组技术.结果 10例患者有分节异常, 6例患者有形成异常,11例患者有复杂的、无法分类的畸形.15例肋骨畸形中,肋骨畸形的主要部分和脊柱旋转在同一水平的有7例.8例合并脊髓纵裂,其中6例有完全或不完全的骨性隔.27例中的19例患者,多平面重组和3D图像显示出在常规X线片和常规轴面图像中未发现和认知的畸形并且全面评估了脊柱侧弯的程度,包括11例复杂畸形中7例归类为无法分类的脊柱畸形,4例为单侧未分节的骨桥合并同侧半椎体畸形;4例清晰显示出单侧未分节的骨桥(3例)和双侧骨桥融合(1例);2例发现了掩蔽的半椎体畸形;2例重新评估了半椎体的类型和数目;27例曲面多平面重组图像更好的显示了椎管形态和脊髓弯曲情况,6例清晰显示椎管内骨性隔的生长方式和形态;4例患者标准多平面重组更好的显示了颅底-C1-C2的解剖和畸形,尤其是颅颈联合部畸形.结论 16层螺旋CT 3D和标准或曲面多平面重组图像是诊断先天性脊柱侧弯、分析复杂多发或隐蔽脊柱和肋骨畸形的首选方法,在评价儿童脊柱侧弯的进展、修订手术方案较常规平片和(或)常规CT更具优势和指导意义。
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