Abstract
In this chapter, a criterion to predict crack initiation in unidirectional laminae subjected to multiaxial cyclic loading is proposed. The criterion is based on experimental observations concerning the damage mechanisms occurring at the microscopic scale, of which the evolution leads to the initiation of a macro-crack. In particular, two stress parameters have been identified as representative of the driving forces for the damage evolution at the microscale. These parameters, that is the local maximum principal stress and the local hydrostatic stress in the matrix, are expressed in terms of local stresses in the matrix, calculated by means of finite element analyses of a fiber/matrix unit cell subjected to periodic boundary conditions. Applications of the proposed criterion to fatigue results from the literature show that only two scatter bands can be successfully used to predict the cycles spent for crack initiation in unidirectional laminae under multiaxial loading.
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