Abstract
This chapter presents an overview of metaheuristic applications in highway and rail infrastructure planning and design, with their implications to energy and environmental sustainability. For both highway and rail infrastructure planning and design, two metaheuristic applications are presented, one based on genetic algorithms (GAs) and another based on ant colony optimization (ACO). Brief discussions of GA and ACO are presented, along with a discussion of their limitations. The implications of highway and rail infrastructure planning and design to energy and environmental sustainability are presented at the end.
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