Abstract
The classical model and theory of liquid phase sintering asserts that liquid phase sintering can be divided into three stages: particle rearrangement by liquid flow, contact flattening by a solution, and solid state sintering. The pore-filling model of liquid phase sintering was developed via a series of experimental observations. Microstructural change during liquid phase sintering in the W-Ni system was observed and a three-stage model was suggested: liquid coagulation, liquid redistribution, and liquid filling of pores that describes the behavior of liquid rather than the classical model. The liquid coagulation in the centre of the sample is a kind of liquid flow to minimize the total liquid/vapor interfacial energy for a solid skeleton of grains in the compact. The liquid re-distribution is a process where a homogeneous microstructure is obtained with a more or less uniform distribution of pores. The two stages occur in a relatively short sintering time or even before reaching the liquid phase sintering temperature when the compact is slowly heated up. Therefore, the overall sintering kinetics is governed by the third stage, which us the pore-filling stage.
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