西屬前期（1571－1630）馬尼拉華人社會形成與變化

Abstract

This paper is to study the formation and change of the Chinese community in Philippine during the early period of Spanish colonization between the end of the 16(superscript th) century and the mid-17(superscript th) century. In the beginning of the colonization, the Spanish depended on the Chinese to solve the problem of resources shortage. However, with the increasing number of the Chinese immigrants, the Spanish started to feel frightened so that a series of periodical massacres occurred. Besides, forcing the Chinese to accept Catholicism was another tally to identify the Chinese loyalty. Once the Chinese believed in Catholicism, they could hold several favorable treatments. This method not only carried out the purpose of Spanish oversea preach but also attracted the Chinese willingness to settle down in Philippine. The so-called ”Sangley-Mestizo” was the result of the marriage between the Chinese Catholics and the aboriginal women, as well as the Spanish religious policy of oversea preach. Under the practice of the religious policy, two kinds of Chinese community formed, religious and non-religious, which caused the change of the Chinese community. Above all, Sangley-Mestizos from the religious Chinese were closely related to racial independence campaigns afterwards.