Abstract
It is important to upgrade generator stator ground fault protection to provide protection for faults over the entire stator winding. This paper discusses the application of three different 100% stator ground fault protection schemes and the limitations that users have found with third harmonic schemes. When considering a third harmonic scheme, it is very important to first determine the third harmonic “signature” of the generator through field measurements. Ideally, these tests should determine the level of third harmonic over the MW and MVAR operating range of the generator. Many users have not done these tests and found, upon commissioning, that a third-harmonic scheme could not be used or its operation was so restrictive that it was only in-service a small percentage of the time. The subharmonic injection scheme provides an alternative to third-harmonic schemes and it can be applied on almost any unit-connected generator. Digital technology has substantially reduced its cost, making it a good choice for important generators. It offers the added advantage of being able to detect stator ground faults when the generator is off-line.
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