Abstract
This paper describes the differences of characteristics between normal and abnormal gaits in terms of compensatory actions due to the functional loss of the diseased joint of the lower extremity. The diseased joint is located at ankle, knee, or hip joint. Compensatory actions will be required to make up for the functional loss of the diseased joint. According to the location of the diseased joint, the compensatory actions showed different patterns and magnitudes in moments at sound joints and motions of upper torso. Gait patterns observed in the aged or the infant gait reduced the compensatory actions effectively. Walking-aids such as a cane and a ischial weight-bearing brace decreased the vertical component of the load at the diseased joint directly, and adjusted the posture of the upper torso to be upright.
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