1439 DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF CALORIC AND CARBOHYDRATE RESTRICTION UPON PROSTATE CANCER

Abstract

You have accessJournal of UrologyProstate Cancer: Basic Research VIII1 Apr 20101439 DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF CALORIC AND CARBOHYDRATE RESTRICTION UPON PROSTATE CANCER Jean Thomas, Elizabeth Masko, Jodi Antonelli, Susan Poulton, Tameika Phillips, Tonisha Coburn, and Stephen J. Freedland Jean ThomasJean Thomas More articles by this author , Elizabeth MaskoElizabeth Masko More articles by this author , Jodi AntonelliJodi Antonelli More articles by this author , Susan PoultonSusan Poulton More articles by this author , Tameika PhillipsTameika Phillips More articles by this author , Tonisha CoburnTonisha Coburn More articles by this author , and Stephen J. FreedlandStephen J. Freedland More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2010.02.1132AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Caloric restriction has been shown to anti-cancer in its effects. However, whether these effects are the result of generalized reduction in overall caloric intake or reduced intake of macronutrients (i.e. carbohydrates) are unknown. We sought to investigate the differential effects of caloric and carbohydrate restriction upon prostate cancer (CaP) tumor growth. METHODS 100 7-8 week old male SCID mice were injected subcutaneously with 1x105 LAPC-4 prostate cancer cells. Mice were randomized to 1 of 4 diets: ad libitum Western diet (no intervention, 45% carbohydrates, 40% fat, and 15% protein), ad libitum No carbohydrate Ketogenic diet (NCKD; 1% carbohydrates, 83% fat, 16% protein), Western diet calorically restricted (WCR), and NCKD calorically restricted (NCKD CR). Calorically restricted arms were fed 75% of the calories of their reference diet group. Tumor volumes and mouse bodyweights were measured twice weekly. Mice were sacrificed when tumor volumes reached 1,000 mm3. RESULTS Relative to Western mice, there was a suggestion of smaller body weights in both NCKD CR and WCR arms (rank sum, p≤0.06). In contrast, there was trend for heavier mice in the NCKD fed group (rank sum, p=0.09). By day 50, median tumor volumes for NCKD, WCR, and NCKD CR were 45, 51, and 62% smaller compared to Western (rank sum, p≤0.001). At any time point, there were no significant differences in terms of tumor volume amongst the intervention arms. However, there was a suggestion of smaller tumors in the NCKD CR arm by day 42 (p=0.09). Dietary treatment was significantly associated with mouse survival (log-rank, p=0.004). In 2-way comparisons, NCKD, NCKD CR, and WCR had significantly prolonged survival relative to Western (log-rank, all p≤0.02). However, no difference in survival was seen between any calorically or carbohydrate restricted arm (log rank, p≥0.16). Over the course of the study, 34 mice were loss secondary to infection (WCR n=14, NCKD n=4, NCKD CR n =15). CONCLUSIONS Caloric and carbohydrate restriction are effective in delaying tumor growth and improving mouse survival. NCKD may provide anti-cancer benefits in the absence of weight loss. We were unable to detect a difference between caloric and carbohydrate restricted arms. This may be secondary to diminished power. Despite this, our findings support previous experimental findings and suggest a role for either caloric or carbohydrate restriction in the management of CaP. Durham, NC© 2010 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 183Issue 4SApril 2010Page: e554-e555 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2010 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Jean Thomas More articles by this author Elizabeth Masko More articles by this author Jodi Antonelli More articles by this author Susan Poulton More articles by this author Tameika Phillips More articles by this author Tonisha Coburn More articles by this author Stephen J. Freedland More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...