Abstract
The generation of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste is an unavoidable consequence of nuclear power production. Some of this material needs to be handled with great care and be disposed of, either near the surface for short-lived waste (a few hundred years) or at depth (500–1000 m) in geological formations for long-lived and high-level waste. The spent nuclear fuel also contains material (uranium and plutonium) that could be recycled in new fuel after reprocessing. This chapter provides an overview of the characteristics of spent fuel and different types of radioactive waste and of the steps involved in the management of this material. It also covers the international framework and national policies and strategies.
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