Abstract

How did SS men and police officers become executors of the “final solution”? The article examines the role of anti-Semitic incitement as part of a complex bundle of factors which marked the transition to genocide at the beginning of the campaign in Russia. The men acted in the context of fundamental beliefs and patterns of thought which had been solidly engrained into the organisational structure of the troop apparatus and which were geared towards group-specific and individual levels of expectations in their focus on “enemies of the Reich”. Training in the “Jewish question” provided a frame of reference that helped to legitimise and integrate various components of anti-Jewish practice. Himmler’s training officers used a range of methods in which elements of modern pedagogy were mixed with the cultivation of prejudices, compensation events and camaraderie cult.

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