Abstract
Publisher Summary The electric-birefringence technique takes advantage of effect to study the characteristics of macromolecular suspensions as they respond to an electric field that is usually in the form of a square-wave pulse. In this way, it is possible to measure two characteristic electric birefringence constants, rotatory diffusion constant, permanent and induced dipole moments, electric polarizability, and optical anisotropy, as well as to determine whether a given macromolecular suspension is monodisperse. By extending the techniques described in the chapter, electric birefringence should also prove useful in investigating the distribution of polymeric species in a suspension, aggregation phenomena, charge patterns of macromolecules, and particle-particle interaction. The electric birefringence technique is not limited to simple square-wave pulsed fields. Other shapes that have been used include alternating positive and negative square waves and alternating sine waves.
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