Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that the CXCL16-CXCR6 ligand-receptor system may play an important role in prostate cancer progression. METHODS: Levels of CXCL16 and CXCR6 expression were evaluated in prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP) and in normal prostate epithelial cells (PrEC) as well as tissues from 354 patients. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical expression of CXCL16/ CXCR6 was greater in PC-3/LNCaP than in PrEC. The expression of CXCL16/CXCR6 was significantly higher in prostate cancer than benign prostatic hypertrophy. Using RT-PCR, the expression of CXCL16/ CXCR6 was greater in PC-3/LNCaP than in PrEC. CXCL16/CXCR6 was weakly detected in lung and liver tissue, whereas CXCL16 was highly expressed in bone metastases. CXCL16 immunostaining was related to the Gleason score, T stage, tumor volume, perineural invasion, and lymph node metastasis. However, biochemical PSA recurrence was not related to the expression of CXCL16/CXCR6. CONCLUSIONS: High CXCL16/CXCR6 expression may be related to aggressive cancer behavior and high CXCL16 expression in bone metastases.
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