134 PREVALENCE OF SARCOPENIA AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN OLDER ADULTS ATTENDING A DAY HOSPITAL SERVICE IN IRELAND

Abstract

Abstract Background Sarcopenia is a muscle disease that is linked to the effects of ageing, chronic diseases, physical inactivity, and poor nutrition. In Ireland, there is a lack of readily available information on sarcopenia in older adults. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia in community dwelling older adults attending a day hospital service in Ireland, using the European Working Group of Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) 2019 guidelines. Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted, where a consecutive series of older adults attending a day hospital service were invited to participate. The measure of primary interest was the diagnosis of sarcopenia using the EWGSOP 2019 guidelines. Muscle strength was assessed using both, handheld grip strength and the Five Times Sit to Stand Test. Muscle mass was assessed using appendicular skeletal mass adjusted for height using raw data from Bio Impedance Analysis. Physical performance was measured using the Short Physical Performance Battery and the Timed Up and Go Test. We also collected other Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment measures including cognition, nutrition, frailty and physical activity. Results A total of 134 participants took part in the study. The mean age was 81.7 (SD +/− 7.1). Sixty-one percent (N = 82) were female. The prevalence of sarcopenia ranged from 27–37% depending on the assessment tool used to assess muscle strength. Sarcopenia was associated with older age, frailty, reduced nutritional state, poor physical performance and reduced anthropometric measures, irrespective of how muscle strength was measured. Independently associated factors differed depending on muscle strength test, except for older age. Conclusion The prevalence of sarcopenia in the day hospital ranged from 27–37%. The assessment tool used to assess muscle strength influenced both the prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia, suggesting scope for further research.