133 INCIDENCE AND OUTCOME OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE PARAQUAT POISONING

Abstract

Category: Research in AKI (Basic, translational, clinical including clinical trials) Presenter: Dr SHERILLIA SHARIF Keywords: acute kidney injury, paraquat poisoning Paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridylium dichloride) is widely used as a herbicide. Paraquat poisoning is associated with high mortality varying from 35% to 50%. Multiple organ (cardiac, respiratory, hepatic, and renal) failure may occur, although pulmonary features predominate and are the usual cause of death. 1.To ascertain the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute paraquat poisoning as confirmed by presence of positive urine paraquat sample.2.To ascertain the renal outcome and patient outcome of the acute kidney injury. This retrospective study was performed on all patients admitted from 1st January 2007 to 8thApril 2017.Patients with positive urine paraquat sample were identified from the Hospital Laboratory Information System (LIS). Patients' demography, relevant clinical data, laboratory results, renal outcome and patient outcome were retrieved from hospital electronic medical record. Results were analysed using SPSS version 23. Thirty-four patients have been hospitalized with documented positive urine paraquat sample. Twenty-six patients (76.5%) died. Twenty-eight patients (82%) had AKI. Mean age in AKI group was 37.9±14.1 years. Twenty-one (75%) were male. Twenty-three patients with AKI (82.1%) died. Seventeen (60.7%) were Indian while Chinese, Malay and others accounted 7 (25%), 3 (10.7%) and 1 (3.6%) respectively. Of the 5 patients who remained alive, at time of discharge, 4 (80%) had complete renal recovery, 1 (20%) developed chronic kidney disease. There was no significant difference in mortality rates between patients who develop AKI and those without AKI (P value = 0.220). The incidence of acute kidney injury and mortality rate is high with acute paraquat poisoning. Some patients died from cardiorespiratory collapse before the development of acute kidney injury. This study is limited by the small sample size.