Abstract
Tendons aim at linking muscles and skeleton, and have the twofold function of stabilizing joints and transmit muscular forces. They also decrease the energy needed for locomotion since they act as energy stores. Ligaments link one bone to another, and restrict their relative movements during motion. Both tendinous and ligamentous materials are very resistant connective tissues based on a complex hierarchy of collagen fibres and fibrils. From the 1960s, the mechanical behaviour of these soft tissues has motivated numerous studies, concerning particularly:1)the characterization of their mechanical behaviour, their evolution and the design of ad-hoc experimental methods,2)the modelling of their specific mechanical behaviour,3)the definition of relations between their structural properties and their macroscopic behaviour. These different issues are not fully solved, and numerous studies are published each year in order to better understand and diagnose tendonrelated or ligament-related pathologies, often due to over-loading.
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