Abstract

Force applied by Law Enforcement Authorities (LEA) has inherent risk for injury and sometimes death. Occasionally, unexpected sudden death (SD) occurs. A hypothesized cause of SD is a worsening acidosis leading to a cardiopulmonary arrest. It is not clear if this acidosis is due to volitional suspect behaviors or to LEA tools/tactics. Our objective is to compare volitional suspect behaviors and commonly used LEA tools/tactics to determine which, if any, cause the highest levels of acidosis.

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