1244 Immunotherapy With Autological Dendritic Cells in the Structure of Complex Treatment of Gliomas

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Malignant gliomas are the most common primary brain tumor. Despite the variety of modern treatments, it is still a fatal disease with an extremely poor prognosis. The use of immunotherapy as a technique for the treatment of malignant tumors has great promise, retraining and exploiting the patient's immune response against tumors. METHODS: Long-term results of treatment of 220 patients with malignant supratentorial gliomas (anaplastic astrocytomas, glioblastomas) were analyzed. Of these patients, 110 patients, in addition to standard methods of treatment (surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy), underwent specific antitumor immunotherapy with autologous dendritic cells. In 110 patients, only standard methods were used in the structure of complex treatment. The relapse-free period and median life expectancy were assessed. RESULTS: Conducting specific antitumor immunotherapy in patients with malignant gliomas was safe and did not lead to an increase in the number of complications compared with the control group. It was revealed that the use of immunotherapy based on autologous dendritic cells, in addition to standard methods of treating patients, increases the average life expectancy (in patients with anaplastic astrocytomas up to 40.5 months (p = 0.001), in patients with glioblastomas up to 21.8 months (p = 0.002)) and increases the relapse-free period (in patients with anaplastic astrocytomas up to 17.4 months (p = 0.002), in patients with glioblastomas up to 14.3 months (p = 0.003)) provided that three or more courses are taken. Conducting 1 or 2 courses of immunotherapy does not significantly affect the average life expectancy and median survival of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The development and use in clinical practice of specific antitumor immunotherapy based on autologous dendritic cells seems to be a very promising direction for further research, the development of which will improve the long-term results of patient treatment.