Abstract
Pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect associated major aortopulmonary collateral arteries(MAPCAs) is uncommon complex congenital heart anomaly as a severe form of tetralogy of Fallot. This anomaly occurs in 1.5% of patients with congenital heart disease, and 15∼20% of tetralogy of Fallot. The majority of untreated patients present with severe congestive heart failure and respiratory distress. MAPCAs are wide connection arteries originated from the descending aorta, the arcus aorta or the subclavian artery.
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