血液型および蛋白多型遺伝子頻度に基づく主成分分析による12豚品種の遺伝的関係の考察

Abstract

Principal component analysis based on the gene frequencies in blood groups and biochemical polymorphisms were carried out to make clear the phylogenetic relationship among twelve pig breeds (Landrace, Large White, Duroc, Hampshire, Hypor, Meishan, Jinhua, Taoyuan, Short-ear, Ohmini, Gottingen and Pitman-Moore). Blood types used for analysis comprised eight blood groups (A, E, F, G, H, K, L and O), five serum proteins (Tf, Pa, Hp, Cp and Am) and four red cell enzymes (PHI, 6PGD, ADA and EsD), 17 loci in total.The results were as follows.1. The cummulative proportion obtained by eigenvalues from the first to the eleven principal component was 100%, and the 60% of cummulative proportion was obtained by eigenvalues from the first to the third component. The proportions of the first, second and third components were 34.4, 12.5 and 12.5%, respectively.2. The twelve pig breeds were thoroughly separated into two groups by the first principal component, and the scores were plus in the six Euro-American pig breeds and minus in the six Asian pig breeds. The second component separated the Asian group into two sub-groups (Jinhua, Ohmini, Meishan, Taoyuan and Short-ear; Gottingen), and Duroc from the other breeds in Euro-American group. The third component showed that Landrace and Hypor, Hampshire and Pitman-Moore were situated closely in Euro-American group, respectively.3. The contributions of 55 genes on the genetic differentiation of pig breeds were compared by using principal component analysis. The high eigenvector values were obtained for each allele at the G, Pa, L and E loci in the first component, the H, 6PGD, Hp and O loci in the second component, and the ADA, F, E and Cp loci in the third component, respectively. It was showed that the contributions of those loci on the genetic differentiation of pig breeds were large.