12 - Long-term performance and failure of orthopaedic devices

Abstract

Most engineering components fail by long-term failure mechanisms such as fatigue and wear, and orthopaedic devices are no exception. This chapter describes the main types of long-term failure, which are fatigue, creep, wear and corrosion cracking. Corrosion and physiological reactions such as adaptation are also considered. Two detailed case studies are presented to illustrate the design procedures typically used. We have come a long way in ensuring the long-term integrity of materials for orthopaedic use, but many exciting challenges remain