1193 CARBON NANOTUBES AS CONTAINERS FOR PLATINUM-BASED CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS

Abstract

You have accessJournal of UrologyProstate Cancer: Basic Research VI1 Apr 20101193 CARBON NANOTUBES AS CONTAINERS FOR PLATINUM-BASED CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS Kai Kraemer, Marcus Arlt, Hampel Silke, Diana Haase, Susanne Fuessel, Renate Schulze, Albrecht Leonhardt, and Manfred P. Wirth Kai KraemerKai Kraemer More articles by this author , Marcus ArltMarcus Arlt More articles by this author , Hampel SilkeHampel Silke More articles by this author , Diana HaaseDiana Haase More articles by this author , Susanne FuesselSusanne Fuessel More articles by this author , Renate SchulzeRenate Schulze More articles by this author , Albrecht LeonhardtAlbrecht Leonhardt More articles by this author , and Manfred P. WirthManfred P. Wirth More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2010.02.694AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are cylindrical structures with 10-60 nm in diameter and a few μm in length possessing a hollow core which is surrounded by several carbon shells. The goal of the study was to investigate the functionality of 2 different types of CNTs as transporters for carboplatin with special focus on drug content, drug release and effects on growth of prostate cancer cells in vitro. METHODS Different types of CNTs were synthesized either by chemical vapour deposition (#163) or they were purchased from Applied Sciences, Cedarville, USA (#152). A liquid phase method was used to load CNTs with carboplatin (CP-CNTs). The drug-release from CP-CNTs was determined by incubation of CNTs in culture medium followed by elimination of CNTs using spin filters and quantification of platinum in the supernatant by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The biocompatibility of empty CNTs was investigated in malignant and non-malignant cells. Cellular uptake of CNTs was proven by electron microscopy. Cytotoxic effects of CP-CNTs in comparison to free carboplatin were evaluated by testing the viability, apoptosis and colony formation of DU145 and PC3 prostate carcinoma cells. RESULTS Empty CNTs were found inside cells without causing toxic effects on viability of malignant and non-malignant cells at the concentrations used. The platinum-content of CP-CNTs differed depending on their filling temperature with maximum load of 0.2 mg platinum per mg CNT when filled at 90°C. The release of platinum depended on the CNT type with minor release for #152 and slow release of up to 61% of the platinum content during 14 days for #163. The cytotoxic effects of the drug were maintained after loading and release from CP-CNTs as shown by a reduction in viability of prostate cancer cells. When treated for 7 days, the reduction in viability was dependent on platinum release: #152 (minor release) decreased viability to 40% relative to untreated cells and was less effective than free carboplatin (to 20%) at the same concentration. In contrast, #163 (slow release) reduced the viability to 10% showing higher efficacy than the free drug. These results have been confirmed in colony formation and apoptosis assays. CONCLUSIONS Both types of CNTs could be successfully loaded with carboplatin. A container function was only found for #163 showing time-delayed drug release. Furthermore, #163 reduced growth of prostate cancer cells more effective than the free drug at similar concentrations indicating a promising approach for an efficient drug container. Dresden, Germany© 2010 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 183Issue 4SApril 2010Page: e462 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2010 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Kai Kraemer More articles by this author Marcus Arlt More articles by this author Hampel Silke More articles by this author Diana Haase More articles by this author Susanne Fuessel More articles by this author Renate Schulze More articles by this author Albrecht Leonhardt More articles by this author Manfred P. Wirth More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...