119 Proteomics and lipidomics reveal the protective mechanism of dietary n-3 PUFA supplementation for photoaging

Abstract

Chronic ultraviolet radiation (UVR) could induce photoaging, even carcinogenesis. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation has been proved to alleviate photoaging and cutaneous carcinoma. Whereas the exact mechanism remains poorly elucidated, accumulated evidence suggested that the alleviation effect of n-3 PUFA for photoaging is a multifactorial procession characterized by different pathways. Here, we performed a whole-genome proteomics and lipidomics analyses using a self-constructed photoaging mouse model with n-3 PUFA or n-6 PUFA supplementation. Significant alleviation of photoaging was observed and a total of 88 differentially expressed proteins and 152 differentially expressed lipids were identified in mice with n-3 PUFA supplementation. We found that n-3 PUFA may alleviate photoaging by upregulating Hmmr (hyaluronic acid receptor) expression, which can decrease Mmp9 expression, reducing collagens degradation. As most proteins were associated with lipogenesis and lipids metabolism, we further analyzed the lipidomics data, most triglyceride (93%) showed a significant increase in the n-3 PUFA supplementation group. Our proteomics and lipidomics results indicate that the protective mechanism of n-3 PUFA for photoaging is complicate, the effect of elevated triglyceride by n-3 PUFA supplementation in counteracting skin photoaging should cannot be overestimated, which will become a new prime target in fighting photoaging.