1183-P: Effect of Dairy Consumption and Its Fat Content on Gut Microbiota in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Studies have demonstrated differences in gut microbial characteristics in diseases compared to healthy states. Knowledge of how diet alters the gut microbiome is limited by the lack of dietary interventional studies reporting on gut microbial characterization. We explored whether dairy foods differing in fat content alter the gut microbiota of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We randomized 111 subjects with T2D into 3 groups: high-fat (HF) and low-fat (LF) dairy groups (≥ 3 servings/d of HF and LF dairy, respectively), and a control group (CON) maintained baseline dairy intake. Subjects were evaluated at baseline, 12 wk, and 24 wk. Next generation sequencing was performed using an Illumina NextSeq (2x150 bp, high output mode) in 32 subjects (16 in HF, 5 in LF, and 11 in CON). At 24 wk, featurewise testing revealed a higher Faecalibacterium prausnitzii abundance (MaAsLin2 coefficient = 0.0746, FDR-adjusted p = 0.0034; MaAsLin2 coefficient = 0.0691, FDR-adjusted p = 0.0195; respectively) and a higher Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum abundance (MaAsLin2 coefficient = 0.0022, FDR-adjusted p = 0.0673; MaAsLin2 coefficient = 0.0022, FDR-adjusted p = 0.1135; respectively) in LF compared to HF and CON in univariable models. Functional analyses revealed 11 significant associations including a lower abundance of UDP-glucose-derived O-antigen building blocks biosynthesis pathway (MaAsLin2 coefficient = –0.0006, FDR-adjusted p = 0.1584) related to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) production in HF compared to CON in a multivariable model and a lower L-methionine biosynthesis III pathway abundance (MaAsLin2 coefficient = –0.0015, FDR-adjusted p = 0.1975) in LF compared to HF in a univariable model. In conclusion, consumption of ≥ 3 servings/d of LF and HF dairy changed the gut microbiota of patients with T2D compared to CON. Further analysis will reveal whether a decrease in LPS biosynthesis-related pathway in HF influences inflammation. Disclosure S. Tomah: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Amarin Corporation plc. O. Hamdy: Advisory Panel; Self; Nestlé, Consultant; Self; Abbott, AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Research Support; Self; Eli Lilly and Company, Gilead Sciences, Inc., National Dairy Council, Novo Nordisk, Stock/Shareholder; Self; Healthimation, LLC. A. Kostic: Other Relationship; Self; DeepBiome Therapeutics, Inc., FitBiomics, Inc. J. Mitri: Consultant; Self; L-Nutra. J. E. Wilkinson: None. C. Li: None. M. Tasabehji: None. A. H. Eldib: None. M. Al-badri: None. H. Gardner: None. Funding National Dairy Council; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases