南宋初期文武關係之消長（西元1127~1189年）

Abstract

The study is to investigate the rise and fall of Civil-Military relation during the early period of the South Song Dynasty. When the North Song Dynasty was destroyed by the Tungustic Dynasty, princess Gao Zhou was elected the Emperor of the South Song Dynasty, known as Gauzong. At that time, the South Song Dynasty suffered from being bullied by the Tungustic Dynasty and the Chyi Dynasty outside and robbery and rebellion inside. In order to survive and develop his country, the South Song court corrected some of the North Song Dynasty's policy, nevertheless, it led to the situation of military's power surpassing the government. Thus, Gauzong decided to restore to curtailing the military's power, the traditional way of governing, which conducted by the North Song Dynasty. The Emperor surrounded by the civil officers who formed the central policy system, possessed superpower. The advantage of centralization of authority totally avoided of being usurped by insiders. But national defense power was declined to zero under the policy of curtailing military's power. The destiny of the South Song Dynasty was doomed to perish by outsiders. From the point of view, under the principle of the civil superiority over the military, how to create and maintain a stable Civil-Military Relation is an important subject for both military and political leaders to learn.