#1117 Skipping breakfast and progression of chronic kidney disease in a general Japanese population

Abstract

Abstract Background and Aims Unhealthy eating habits such as skipping breakfast are associated with adverse health outcomes including coronary heart disease, metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. However, it remains uncertain whether skipping breakfast affects chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between skipping breakfast and progression of CKD. Method Between 2008 and 2019, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using annual health check data in Iki City, Nagasaki, Japan. A total of 922 participants aged 30 years or older who had CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or proteinuria) at baseline were included in the present analysis. The breakfast-skipping group was defined as participants who skipped breakfast more than 3 times per week. The outcome was CKD progression defined as a decline of at least 30% in the eGFR from the baseline status. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CKD progression, adjusted for other CKD risk factors. Results During a follow-up period with a mean of 5.5 years, CKD progression occurred in 60 (6.5%) participants. The incidence rate (per 1,000 person-years) of CKD progression was 21.5 in the breakfast-skipping group and 10.7 in the breakfast-eating group (p = 0.029), respectively. The multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) for CKD progression was 2.60 (95% CI 1.29‒5.26) for the breakfast-skipping group (p = 0.028) compared with the group eating breakfast. There were no clear differences in the association of skipping breakfast with CKD progression in subgroup analyses by sex, age, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, baseline eGFR and baseline proteinuria. Conclusion Skipping breakfast was significantly associated with higher risk of CKD progression in a general Japanese population.