11-Year Index of Linear Configurations of Venus, Earth, and Jupiter and Solar Activity

Abstract

This study uses the evolution of a parameter introduced by the author that characterizes the relative position of planets: the daily average difference of the heliocentric longitudes for a pair of planets. Venus, Earth, and Jupiter are considered in pairs based on the minimum values of this parameter. We compiled an index (JEV) to describe the 11-year cycle of solar activity based on the minimum deviations of the planets from the line passing through them and the Sun when the planets are located on one side of the Sun (planets are in conjunction), as well as when the planets are located on opposite sides of the Sun and on the same line with it. In addition, the average differences were calculated for four planets with Mercury. It is shown that Mercury does not fit into the 11-year linear configurations of Venus, Earth, and Jupiter and does not participate in the maximum gravitational impact on the Sun. Only Venus, Earth, and Jupiter in their linear configurations have an 11-year cycle. The JEV index is compared with solar activity and it is shown that the average 11-year periodicity in the JEV index and in solar activity over a 1000-year time interval coincide to two decimal places. This indicates a possible relationship between the JEV index and the 11-year solar activity cycle.