Abstract
Removal of heavy metal pollutants from water is regarded as a serious threat for water security. Therefore, several methods such as adsorption, precipitation, photocatalysis, electrochemical and membrane filtration were assigned for heavy metal removal from water. Among them, photocatalysis is considered to be one of the best methods for the removal of dissolved metal ions in wastewater. High efficiency, low cost, avoiding secondary pollutants and direct use of natural solar energy are preferential benefits for photocatalytic technique. Chalcogenides-based nanomaterials are widely used photocatalysts due to their narrower band gaps that correspond to the visible light absorption. In the present chapter, a detailed discussion about the chalcogenides classifications and their electronic structures will be outlined. Chalcogenides limitations represented in photocorrosion along with their mechanism of action toward heavy metal photocatalytic reduction will be also discussed.
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