Abstract
Small-caliber endoscopes are an important tool for the diagnosis and treatment of GI disease. Unsedated transnasal endoscopy is well tolerated and can provide a good optical examination when a detailed assessment of the mucosa is not needed. Thus, it can serve as a first-line option in many centers for exploring GI symptoms, detecting portal hypertension, or screening patients for esophageal neoplasia (squamous cell neoplasia or Barrett's esophagus). Nevertheless, after transnasal detection of a lesion, conventional sedated endoscopy is typically performed to more precisely examine any detected abnormalities and perform treatment. However, several institutions have shown that performing therapeutic interventions, such as argon plasma coagulation or gastrostomy tube placement, using unsedated transnasal endoscopy is feasible, safe, and effective.
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