11. Association of Family History of Hypertension with the Age Onset that being Diagnosed of Hypertension in Essential Hypertension Patients

Abstract

Background: Essential hypertension (EH) has unknown cause, but there are several risk factors that can influence its occurrence. Family history is one of the non-modifiable risk factors that affect the age onset. Previous studies shown that individuals with a family history of hypertension have an earlier onset age of diagnosis. This is the first study conducted in Indonesia, especially the population in Manado. Objective: To determine the association between family history of hypertension and age onset at diagnosis of hypertension in EH patients. Method: Retrospective cohort study design and consecutive sampling in 120 EH patients. Subjects were classified by onset age at EH diagnosis (<55 and $55 years old), analyzed by Chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: Onset age at diagnosis of EH had a significant association with family history of hypertension (p = <0.001; OR = 5.972). Family history of hypertension have a significant association with age onset at diagnosis of EH (p = 0.004). Paternal and maternal history of hypertension had the highest chance of being diagnosed earlier with hypertension (OR = 8.056), followed by the group with maternal history (OR = 5.667), and paternal (OR = 4.792). Conclusion: There was a significant association between family history of hypertension and age onset at EH diagnosis, where subjects with family history of hypertension had higher chance of being diagnosed with hypertension at an earlier age. The group with both paternal and maternal history of hypertension had the highest chance of being diagnosed with hypertension at an earlier age.