Abstract

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. It is a complex, heterogeneous disease in which several lifestyle-related and genetic factors are implicated in its pathogenesis. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3 K) is a complex signaling pathway that plays an essential role in cell growth, proliferation, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, survival, invasion, migration, and apoptosis. It is often altered in BC caused by mutations or amplification of the genes encoding the PI3 K catalytic subunits p110α (PIK3CA).

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