103 Antibiotics Prescription Pattern and Resistance Profile of Common Isolates at Soba University Hospital, Sudan 2018

Abstract

Abstract Aim Antimicrobial resistance is an increasingly global public health threat. Antimicrobial stewardship programs have been introduced to tackle this problem. In this study we aim to determine the pattern of antibiotics prescription and resistance profile of common bacterial isolates at Soba university hospital, Sudan. Method A retrospective cross-sectional study that was conducted at the medicine and surgery wards in a tertiary care hospital. Records of all patients who were admitted during the study period were included. A pretested data collection form was used to collect information. Results Records of 269 patients were reviewed, the most frequently reported diagnosis on admission was cerebrovascular accidents (10.6%). The mean duration of hospital stay was 6.6 ± 6 days. Almost 81.8% of admitted patients received antibiotics with No documented indication in about 40.5% of them. Most antibiotics were administered intravenously (82.1%). More than one-third of the prescribed antibiotics (38%) were 3rd generation cephalosporin (38%). The main reason for stopping antibiotics was the patients’ discharge (63.6%). Of patients receiving antibiotics, only 5 (1.9%) had undergone culture. A total of 100 cultures were performed during the study time. Most of them were urine cultures (64%). Escherichia coli was isolated from 14 (29.2%) cultures. Resistance percentage was highest for erythromycin, and oxacillin (100% for both). Conclusions The study shows a trend of antibiotic misuse. Most patients received antibiotics without documented indication. Antibiotics sensitivity results showed high levels of resistance among isolated organisms. We recommend a wider study and formulation and implementation of clear guidelines to regulate antibiotic use.