10.1063/5.0138407.1

Abstract

In this paper, we consider a heat transfer modulation in Rayleigh–Bénard convection by imposing a periodic sinusoidal oscillation to the bottom hot plate parallel to itself. Two-dimensional numerical simulations are carried out under lateral periodic conditions, over a Rayleigh number range of 106≤Ra≤109 and for a fixed Prandtl number of Pr = 7.1. For a given Rayleigh number, it is found that the Nusselt number, characterizing the global heat transfer efficiency of the system, shows a counter-intuitive initial drop and subsequent rise behavior, as the characteristic oscillatory velocity Vosc increases. Accordingly, taking the classical Rayleigh–Bénard convection as a reference, a heat transfer reduction regime for low Vosc and a heat transfer enhancement regime for high Vosc are recognized. The reduction regime is resulted from the thickening of the thermal boundary layer due to the amplified viscous effect by the oscillation, which increases the thermal resistance of the system. In addition to thickening the thermal boundary layer, a stronger oscillation could also trigger a thermal boundary layer instability, inducing massive emission of the thermal plumes and eventually giving rise to a significant global heat transfer enhancement. Moreover, the combined effect of thickening and destabilizing of the thermal boundary layer leads to a temporal periodic evolution of the Nusselt number at the bottom plate in the enhancement regime. A critical oscillatory velocity Vc is selected at the crossover between two regimes, and it is found decreasing with an increasing Ra as Vc∼Ra−0.2. Through dimensional analysis, we provide a physical explanation for this dependence.