Abstract
This chapter discusses that shape memory materials have been developed principally for biomedical and engineering applications. These applications include micro-actuators, vascular stents, orthodontic archwires, and aerospace. The use of these materials in textiles has tended to concentrate on their functional aspect; for example, functional garments that need no ironing. This chapter discusses the application of shape memory materials, with emphasis on Shape Memory Polymer (SMP), to textiles such that the fabrics will interact with the change of environment. It reviews the technology for spinning the SMP, physical characterization of shape memory fibers, and comparison of the shape memory effects between fibers and thin films. They form the essential component in fabrics by interspersing with other yarns when they are woven or as a membrane laminated with fabrics so as to make the fabrics functional. The chapter discusses the methods of engineering the behavior of fabrics constituted from shape memory materials and highlights design applications based on the manipulation of shape memory. It also discusses the use of SMPs in other areas.
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