Abstract

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the physical mechanisms governing the ablation of biological tissue. The application of lasers to medicine and dentistry is an active area of experimental research where past efforts have led to successful, laser-based clinical protocols that are now the standard of care. The chapter discusses the ablation of soft tissue; hard tissue refers to bone or teeth. The discussion emphasizes the recent results from the investigations of infrared tissue ablation; however, ultraviolet and visible laser ablation is also summarized. The principle components of soft tissue are water, proteins, lipids, sugars, nucleic acids, and their complexes. The free-electron laser (FEL) has emerged as a potential medical laser. The chapter outlines mechanisms for laser-tissue interactions and addresses infrared laser ablation. It also presents a brief discussion on the clinical acceptance of the ablation of biological tissues. The chapter provides some basic knowledge of tissue properties to provide context for subsequent discussions and presents several Gedanken.

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