10 - Methods for fabrication of ceramic coatings

Abstract

Ceramic coatings are applied on metallic materials to offer a special layer that improves the properties of the substrate such as anticorrosion, wear resistance, thermal resistance, friction, etc. There are many types of coatings and fabrication methods accessible to decorate metallic substrates with ceramic coatings. Different types of methods can be selected to get desirable coatings with thickness varying from nm to μm scale. Today, different types of ceramic coatings with nanosized particles are preferred to decorate metallic materials with higher thermal stability and better mechanical features. Ceramic coatings improve the durability of material under drastic environmental conditions. Sol–gel method is a very easy process for depositing desirable ceramic materials on the surface of metallic materials. It is a cheaper method and provides strong linkage through chemical bonds at low temperatures. Micro-arc oxidation method was utilized for the surface modification of metallic alloy. It was found to be superior to traditional anodic oxidation. It offers higher surface hardness as well as thickness. The liquid deposition method can be utilized for surface modification of nanofibers to enhance the heat resistance and wear resistance properties. The atomic layer deposition method was applied to decorate polymeric aerogels using inorganic species. It forms a homogeneous coating of inorganic metal oxide on the surface of polymeric aerogels. This technique modifies the inner and outer areas of polymeric aerogels. The electrochemical method can be utilized to decorate oxide ceramics on the surface of the metal substrate. The combination of electrochemical anodization and grafting method is an excellent way to fabricate superhydrophobic aluminum material which is more durable, eco-friendly, effective, and efficient. The plasma electrolytic oxidation method utilizes eco-friendly electrolytes to form oxide coatings on the surface of Mg, Ti, and Al materials. This method shows higher surface hardness, more thickness, and dense coatings on metallic materials. Magnetron sputtering is an effective technique utilized to decorate ceramic coatings on metallic substrates to obtain higher thickness. This is considered as a superior technique due to higher deposition rates, strong adhesion, and better purity of coatings. Superhydrophobic magnesium materials surfaces were fabricated using the solution immersion method which is a very convenient, efficient, and cheaper method. Hydroxyapatite coatings on the surface of magnesium metal and its alloy using a solution immersion process are eco-friendly, thermally stable, anticorrosive, and biocompatible. Laser-cladding can be effectively and conveniently utilized for the fabrication of ceramic coatings on the metallic substrate due to the highly energetic laser which increases the rate of metal oxidation. This method is very useful to fabricate coatings that exhibit antithrombotic surfaces. Chemical vapor deposition is a very useful and effective method to decorate ceramic coatings and involved thermally induced reactions. The dip coating method decorates uniform coatings on the substrate which was dipped in a less viscous liquid. The quality of dip coating depends on different experimental conditions and is a very simple approach.