Abstract
Purpose: Gingerol homologs found in the rhizomes of ginger plants have the potential to benefit human health, including the prevention and treatment of cancer. This study evaluated the effect of 10-gingerol on ovarian cancer cell (HEY, OVCAR3, and SKOV-3) growth. Methods: Cell growth was measured by MTT assays, flow cytometry was used to assess cell proliferation, cytotoxicity and cell cycle progression, and western blotting was used to measure cyclin protein expression. Results: Ovarian cancer cells that were treated with 10-gingerol experienced a time- and dose-dependent decrease in cell number, which was due to a reduction in cell proliferation rather than a cytotoxic effect. Reduced proliferation of 10-gingerol-treated ovarian cancer cells was associated with an increased percentage of cells in G2 phase of the cell cycle and a corresponding reduction in the percentage of cells in G1. Ovarian cancer cells also showed decreased cyclin A, B1, and D3 expression following exposure to 10-gingerol. Conclusion: These findings revealed that 10-gingerol caused a G2 arrest-associated suppression of ovarian cancer cell growth, which may be exploited in the management of ovarian cancer.
Highlights
Ginger root has a tradition of use as a remedy for numerous ailments that include nausea, loss of appetite, cramps, diarrhea, heartburn, migraines, colds, influenza, and arthritis.[1]
Ovarian cancer cells that were treated with 10-gingerol experienced a time- and dose-dependent decrease in cell number, which was due to a reduction in cell proliferation rather than a cytotoxic effect
Ovarian cancer cells showed decreased cyclin A, B1, and D3 expression following exposure to 10-gingerol. These findings revealed that 10-gingerol caused a G2 arrest-associated suppression of ovarian cancer cell growth, which may be exploited in the management of ovarian cancer
Summary
Ginger root has a tradition of use as a remedy for numerous ailments that include nausea, loss of appetite, cramps, diarrhea, heartburn, migraines, colds, influenza, and arthritis.[1]. Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death in gynecologic cancer patients, and is in urgent need of new treatments because of its aggressive nature, high rate of recurrence, and proclivity to develop resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs.[9,10] In this study, we assessed the impact of 10-gingerol on the growth of HEY, OVCAR3, and SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cell lines, as well as the mechanism of action of 10-gingerol in HEY cells
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