Abstract
The textile industry is one among the high-water-use and water-polluting industries across the globe. Most of the textile industrial processes, such as scouring, washing, bleaching, sizing, dyeing, and finishing, consume substantial amounts of fresh water, with discharge of large volumes of wastewaters which are diverse in chemical composition, ranging from inorganic finishing agents, surfactants, chlorine compounds, salts, total phosphate to polymers and organic products. The increasing environmental and health concerns owing to the use of large quantities of water and hazardous chemicals in conventional dyeing processes has led to the design and development of new finishing strategies and technologies. Textile industrial manufacturers are required to adopt water conservation, pollution control, and cleaner production technologies because of increasingly serious water scarcity and water pollution. The premise of sustainable development is to achieve decoupling of economic growth from water consumption and wastewater discharge. In this chapter, we review the advancements of ecofriendly and sustainable strategies used for minimizing the negative environmental impact of wastewaters by suggesting and employing new water conservation technologies in textile production.
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