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Nataliia Chemer,Lesia Shevchenko

doi:10.22141/2224-0713.17.2.2021.229889

Abstract

Highlights

There is an increase in the number of strokes around the world and various complications of stroke have a significant impact on the outcome and quality of life after stroke
Bladin et al [8] reported that the incidence of seizures was 10.6 % among 265 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage vs 8.6 % among 1,632 with ischemic stroke
Early-onset seizures usually present with a focal onset while generalized tonic-clonic seizures are more common in late-onset seizures [10]

Summary

Introduction

There is an increase in the number of strokes around the world and various complications of stroke have a significant impact on the outcome and quality of life after stroke. Some authors do not consider late-onset seizures as poststroke epilepsy, whereas other studies defined the latter in case of two unprovoked seizures, with an interval > 24 hours, that occurred after a stroke [13]. The pathogenesis of early-onset seizures is mainly due to cytotoxic and metabolic changes in the ischemic focus such as glutamate excitotoxicity, depolarization, hypoxia and global hypoperfusion in the brain structures. Depolarization is caused by an increase in intracellular Ca2+ and Na+, which is observed during acute ischemic injury, leads to paroxysmal discharge of nerve cells. These ionic shifts play an important role in epileptogenesis [14]. The processes of glial scarring, as well as the replacement of healthy cell parenchyma with neuroglia and immune cells supporting abnormal neuronal excitability, are considered the most likely cause of late seizures [1, 5]

Clinical manifestation

Findings

Conclusions