1 - State-of-the-art biobased food packaging materials

Abstract

Bio-based food packaging materials have been defined as ‘materials derived from renewable sources'. The development of bio-based packaging materials is predicated on a widely held belief that such materials will have lower environmental impacts than existing petroleum-derived materials. Biodegradable polymers constitute a loosely defined family of polymers that are designed to be degraded by biological agents. Despite considerable research and development, the use of the newer bio-based packaging materials for the packaging of food remains limited. Polylactic Acid (PLA) can be made into films, co-extruded into laminates, thermoformed and injection stretch blow molded into bottles. A major application to date has been as food service containers. PLA products are fully compostable in commercial composting facilities. Provided that production costs can be reduced, PLA is expected to find packaging applications in areas such as candy twist wraps, coatings for paperboard beverage cartons, plastic film wraps for foods, blister packs, and plastic windows in boxes. The challenge for the successful use of biodegradable polymer products in food packaging is achieving the desired shelf-life followed by efficient biodegradation after disposal. Premature biodegradation and insect infestation must be avoided. In addition, it is imperative that biodegradable plastics do not contaminate the recycling stream for non-biodegradable, petroleum-derived plastics.