1-Methylcyclopropene and Aminoethoxyvinylglycine effects on yield components of field-grown cotton

Giovani Greigh De Brito,Ana Luiza Dias Coelho Borin,Camilo De Lelis Morello,Alexandre Cunha De Barcellos Ferreira

doi:10.1590/s1413-70542013000100001

Giovani Greigh De Brito, Ana Luiza Dias Coelho Borin + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542013000100001

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Abstract

Biotic and abiotic stresses can alter the hormone balance and trigger the activation of pathways involved in the cotton stress responses, resulting in the abscission of squares, flowers and young bolls and consequent reductions in the seed cotton yield and fiber yield. As part of the mechanism that primarily regulates the protective response of plants against stresses, ethylene is considered a key hormone involved in this response, and increased ethylene synthesis has been observed when plants are subjected to stress. Thus, the development of strategies aimed to mitigate their negative effects can reduce the shed rate of reproductive structures and positively impact cotton productivity. For this purpose, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), a compound that inhibits the action of ethylene, and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), an ethylene synthesis inhibitor, were sprayed on cotton plants to investigate their effects on the seed cotton yield (SCY), fiber yield (FY), fiber percentage (% Fiber) and final stand of plants (STAND) during two cotton growth seasons (2010 and 2011). To this end, experiments were performed in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. Our results demonstrate that the inhibitors of ethylene synthesis and action increased the seed cotton and fiber yield during both growing seasons. The results obtained after AVG spraying in the initial reproductive phase (first square emission) presented the highest values for the cotton yield components and are the first record of the success of this method in Brazil.

Highlights

Abiotic and biotic stresses represent the major constraints that result in agricultural losses on the global scale, and projected climate changes could increase their negative effects in the future (INTERGOVERNMETAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE-IPCC, 2007; FISCHER; SCHAR, 2010).Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. r. latifolium) is the major fiber crop; cotton yields are often limited due to the extreme sensitivity of this crop to environmental stressors, such as high temperature and drought
Stress alters the hormone balance and triggers the activation of pathways involved in the stress response, resulting in the abscission of squares and young bolls and the abortion of flowers, causing a reduced seed cotton yield and, lower fiber yield (STEWART, 2010; BRITO et al, 2011)
Plants were sprayed with 1-MCP, a compound that inhibits the action of ethylene by occupying the receptor site, and AVG, which inhibits synthesis by binding to aminociclopropane-1- carboxylic (ACC) synthase enzyme and blocking the conversion of S-adenosylmethionine to 1-aminoclopropane-1-caboxilic acid (ACC), the immediate precursor in the ethylene biosynthesis pathway

Summary

Introduction

Abiotic and biotic stresses represent the major constraints that result in agricultural losses on the global scale, and projected climate changes could increase their negative effects in the future (INTERGOVERNMETAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE-IPCC, 2007; FISCHER; SCHAR, 2010).Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. r. latifolium) is the major fiber crop; cotton yields are often limited due to the extreme sensitivity of this crop to environmental stressors, such as high temperature and drought. Under field conditions, cotton plants are often exposed to environmental stresses, such as unfavorable temperatures, solar radiation and water availability, during critical stages and during the initial reproductive phase and boll development During these phases, stress alters the hormone balance and triggers the activation of pathways involved in the stress response, resulting in the abscission of squares and young bolls and the abortion of flowers, causing a reduced seed cotton yield and, lower fiber yield (STEWART, 2010; BRITO et al, 2011). An increase in reproductive structure shedding occurs through an increase in ethylene production (STEWART et al, 2010) In this context, in the Brazilian Savannah biome where approximately 90% (1.2 million Hectares) of the cotton crop is grown, drought events historically occur from April to May, in the state of Goiás, the third largest cotton producer in Brazil. The development of strategies aiming mitigate the negative effects of common stressors during the cotton growth season could reduce the shed rate and, increase cotton productivity and sustainability in the Brazilian Savannah region

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