Abstract
This chapter presents an introduction to cognitive neuropsychology. The term cognitive neuropsychology is applied to the analysis of those handicaps in human cognitive function that result from brain injury. Cognitive neuropsychology is essentially interdisciplinary, drawing both on neurology and on cognitive psychology for insights into the cerebral organization of cognitive skills and abilities. Cognitive function is the ability to use and integrate basic capacities such as perception, language, actions, memory, and thought. The focus of clinical cognitive neuropsychology is on the many different types of highly selective impairments of cognitive function that are observed in individual patients following brain damage. The functional analysis of patients with selective deficits provides a very clear window through which one can observe the organization and procedures of normal cognition. Clinical cognitive neuropsychology has been successful in demonstrating a large number of dissociations between the subcomponents of cognitive skills. This enables to conclude that such components are dependent on distinct neural systems.
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