Abstract
Abstract On February 22, 1993, the United Nations (UN) Security Council set up an international criminal tribunal pursuant to Chapter VII of the UN Charter. This tribunal was given the authority to prosecute and judge serious violations of international humanitarian law committed on the territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991, including war crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity. On November 8, 1994, the Security Council created another international tribunal for the purpose of prosecuting persons responsible for genocide and other serious violations of humanitarian law in Rwanda in 1994. Ratione personae, the jurisdiction of both ad hoc tribunals, is limited to natural persons and excludes any official privileges or state immunities that such persons might otherwise have enjoyed before domestic courts.
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