1,5 Anhydroglucitol Evaluation as Glycemic Control Parameter of Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy

Abstract

Background: 1,5-Anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) provides a reliable opportunity to assess the frequency and extent of intermittent hyperglycemic episodes. Aim of the Work: this study aimed to evaluate an alternative parameter to monitor blood glucose in pregnancies complicated with diabetes mellitus by studying the relationship between 1,5 Anhydroglucitol and self-monitoring of blood glucose level in pregnant women complicated with diabetes mellitus. Patients and Methods: this cross-sectional study with retrospective data was conducted on seventy pregnant women known to have pre-gestational or gestational diabetes mellitus attending Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital fulfilling the inclusion criteria of pre-gestational or gestational diabetes mellitus according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Results: this study revealed a highly significant negative correlation between MMG (mean maximum glycemia) and 1,5 AG (r: -0.817, p-value: <0.001), also pre prandial blood glucose level (r: -0.500, p-value: <0.001) and a negative correlation and highly significant was found between post prandial blood glucose level and 1,5 AG (r: -0.640, p-value: <0.001). Conclusion: 1,5-AG is better than HbA1c as a tool for monitoring the glucose profile in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus especially for the hyperglycemic episodes. Recommendations: as majority of interpretations for utility of 1,5-AG in pregnancy are based on scanty few clinical data so there is a scope of potential possibilities for its use in pregnancy and continuous research may allow its new applications and usefulness in pregnancy in the future.