Abstract

0674 - Marine sponges as Chloroflexi hot-spots: Genomic insights and high resolution visualization of an abundant and diverse symbiotic clade

Highlights

  • Members of the widespread bacterial phylum Chloroflexi can dominate high-microbial-abundance (HMA) sponge microbiomes

  • SAR202 genomes lack transporter and degradation pathways for carbohydrates, and we speculate that they may gain the energy needed by degradation of amino and fatty acids

  • While Anaerolineae/Caldilineae take up cofactors, SAR202 has the genomic repertoire for their synthesis

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Summary

Introduction

Members of the widespread bacterial phylum Chloroflexi can dominate high-microbial-abundance (HMA) sponge microbiomes. We performed metagenomic and singlecell genomic analyses to elucidate the functional gene repertoire of Chloroflexi symbionts of Aplysina aerophoba. Common genomic features of Chloroflexi sponge symbionts were related to central energy and carbon converting pathways, amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, and respiration. Clade-specific metabolic features included a massively expanded genomic repertoire for carbohydrate degradation in Anaerolineae and Caldilineae genomes, but only amino acid utilization by SAR202. We used metagenomic and single-cell genomic approaches to characterize the functional gene repertoire of Chloroflexi symbionts in marine sponges. The results of this study suggest clade-specific metabolic specialization and that Chloroflexi symbionts have the genomic potential for dissolved organic matter (DOM) degradation from seawater. Marine sponges as Chloroflexi hot spots: Genomic insights and high-resolution visualization of an abundant and diverse symbiotic clade. Sponges constitute one of the most abundant natural sources of secondary metabolites, which are of commercial interest for the development of pharmaceuticals and new drugs [8] and are often produced by the microbial symbionts [9, 10]

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