0518 Characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea among pregnant Japanese woman and their birth outcomes

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Pregnant women are at an increased risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) due to pregnancy-related weight gain. However, a detailed clinical study on OSA and birth outcomes among pregnant women in eastern Asia has not been conducted. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate characteristics of OSA among pregnant Japanese women and their birth outcomes. Methods Subjects were selected from pregnant women who underwent a polysomnography (PSG) during 28–36 weeks gestation at Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital. Diagnosis of OSA was based on sleep history and PSG with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5 (OSA+ group). Those with AHI < 5 were regarded as the OSA- group. The body height, weight, head circumference, and chest circumference of all offspring were measured at birth and 1 month of age. Data were analyzed statistically using unpaired t test and Pearson correlation and logistic regression analyses. Results Of 102 pregnant Japanese women, 13.7 % were diagnosed with OSA during the third trimester. PSG data showed significant differences in AHI between the OSA- (1.2 ± 1.0) and OSA+ (14.8 ± 16.7) groups. Moreover, there were significant differences in the oxygen desaturation index, mean and minimum SpO2, and mean and maximum heart rate between the OSA+ and OSA- groups. The logistic regression analysis revealed that AHI was associated with body mass index (OR, 1.274; p = 0.001), but not with age, gestational age, and body height, suggesting that high BMI is a risk factor for OSA in Japanese pregnant women. The Epworth sleepiness scale score was comparable between the two groups. A comparison of body weight between the pregnant mothers and their offspring showed that the maternal weight during the third trimester was negatively associated with offspring’s weight at birth and at 1 month of age in the OSA+ group. Conclusion Findings suggest that a high BMI is a major risk factor for OSA among pregnant Japanese women. Support (if any)