Abstract
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, lipid-bilayer membrane structures that are actively released by normal, diseased, and transformed cells in vitro and in vivo. EVs carry nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins to mediate cell-cell communication. Many of the molecules carried by EVs act as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that activate intrinsic immunity. EVs also can transport molecules from donor to recipient cells. We previously reported that proinflammatory EVs are elevated in the plasma of dermatomyositis (DM) patients and the EV particle number was correlated with Cutaneous Dermatomyositis Disease Area and Severity Index (CDASI) scores.
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