Abstract
Though these drugs tend to be effective alopecia areata (AA) therapeutics, AA quickly relapses after discontinuing treatment with JAK1/3 inhibitors (JAKi). One reason could be that JAKi also block the signaling of AA-protective cytokines that signal via the common γ-chain, which is also used by interleukin-15 (IL-15). IL-15 is known to suppress mouse HF apoptosis, promote murine HF growth in vivo, and is required to maintain (AA-protective!) iNKT cells. Moreover, it is unclear how IL-15 affects human hair follicle (HF)-immune privilege (IP) and catagen development, namely via signaling through its private receptor, IL-15Rα.
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