德宏州0~7岁儿童地中海贫血与G6PD 缺乏症的流行病学调查

Abstract

目的：了解云南德宏州7岁以下儿童地中海贫血与G6PD缺乏症的现状。方法：血红蛋白病检测：对调查者用日本SysmexKX-21N和迈瑞-2000血细胞分析仪进行血细胞分析，PH8.6缓冲液醋酸纤维薄膜做电泳分析；G6PD缺乏症检测：采用改良葡萄糖6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)测定比值法(手工操作法)进行检测。结果：不同县市和民族地贫检出率不同，潞西市最高51.5%，民族以景颇族最高50.8%。G6PD缺乏症检出率以德昂族最高8.6%(30/349)，其次为阿昌族7.3%(19/261)。结论：云南省德宏州0~7岁以下儿童的地贫和G6PD缺乏症属高发，地贫和G6PD缺乏症的人群地理分布与历史上疟疾流行的地理分布存在着一定的相关性。该调查为云南省德宏州少数民族进行遗传咨询及进行地贫和G6PD缺乏症的预防提供了有价值的基础资料。 Objective: To investigate the carrier rate of thalassemia and G6PD deficiency among the children of 0 - 7 years old in Dehong in YunNan. Method: 2164 samples of children 0 - 7 years old are verified by blood cell automatic analysis, hemoglobin electrophoresis and erythrocyte glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) diagnos-tic kit. Result: There are different detection rates of thalassemia in different regions and nationalities, the highest region is 51.5% in Luxi, the highest nationality is 50.8% of Jingpo. The relevance ratio of G6PD deficiency of Dehong is 8.6%, ranking first, Achang is 7.3%, ranking second. Conclusion: Thalassemia and G6PD deficiency are high among the children of 0 - 7 years old in Dehong in YunNan. There are certain correlations between the geographic distribution of thalassemia and G6PD deficiency and geographic distribution of malaria in history. The investigation provides valuable basic data for Dehong minorities in Yunnan to conduct genetic counseling and thalassemia and G6PD deficiency pre-vention.