Дагестанские русские в эпоху социокультурных трансформаций (конец XX – начало XXI в.): последствия и пути преодоления негативных тенденций

Abstract

The article examines the demographic situation and social well-being of Russians in Dagestan and the North Caucasus during the era of sociocultural changes and transformations in the second half of the 1980s using literary sources and population census materials, as well as chronological, dia-chronic, structural-system, and actualization methods. XX – the start of the twenty-first century. This includes "perestroika," the collapse of the Soviet Union and the establishment of the Russian Federation with the establishment of a new paradigm of state and social structure, globalization, modernization, and urbanization processes, economic reforms, the rise of religious extremism, the Russian-Chechen armed conflict of 1994-1996 and 1999-2009, and so on. In general, these activities and events harmed the well-being and social well-being of Dage-stan Russians, resulting in a large exodus from Dagestan. The adopted state program to assist Rus-sians living in and returning to the Republic of Dagestan was inadequate and did not halt this bad trend. According to the author, the Russians have recently lost their high status position in the re-gion, which was established in the North Caucasus ethno-social hierarchy throughout the pre-revolutionary and Soviet periods. To regain this status, a comprehensive program to create safe and comfortable living circumstances for them in the region must be developed. The relevance of the study is due to the complex socio-economic and socio-political situation in the country and the world, the global challenges of our time, the special mission and responsibility of Russians for the fate of the multinational Russian state in a world order that is transforming from a monopolar (USA) to a multipolar (USA, Russia, China) world order.