МІГРАЦІЙНА ПОЛІТИКА В СЕРЕДНЬОВІЧНІЙ ТА РАННЬОМОДЕРНІЙ УКРАЇНІ (Х – СЕРЕДИНА XVIII СТ.): ІСТОРИКО-ПРАВОВИЙ АСПЕКТ

Abstract

The article analyzes the process of origin and development of migration policy of state entities on Ukrainian lands in the 10th – first half of the 18th century. The research methodology is to study and analyze the organizational and legal foundations of Ukrainian migration policy during the study period. The validity of theoretical provisions, conclusions, scientific analysis and reliability of the results of the study is ensured by the use of a set of philosophical, general scientific and special scientific methods, namely: historical law, comparative law, historical and functional, formal legal and others. The study was conducted from the perspective of the principles of historicism, objectivity, versatility, complementarity and validity, which created a sound methodological basis for a comprehensive analysis of the subject matter of the study. The scientific novelty is the historical and legal analysis of the basic state-legal elements of migration policy, the identification of peculiarities of their functioning and effectiveness. The scientific novelty is the historical and legal analysis of the basic state-legal elements of migration policy, the identification of peculiarities of their functioning and effectiveness. The paper states that in the Middle Ages state control was established over the movements of foreigners, ambassadors and merchants. Subsequently, as the socio-economic and political situation changed, the problem of regulating the movement of not only the privileged classes but also the general population arose. It is observed that further strengthening of migration control, both external and internal, comes from the introduction of a passport system. It was found that effective state control over migration, which was based on the passport system, was managed not by the Polish authorities but by the Russian authorities. It was noted that the system of control over the population movement and passport system for some time was established in the territory of Zaporizhzhia Troops, which, in addition, allowed the Sich to emphasize its jurisdiction over the owners of Cossack passports. It has been proved that, since the seventeenth century, the passport has become the main instrument in the implementation of the state migration policy. It is established that it was in the 16th–17th centuries practices of managed and forced resettlement are being started, which will later be actively used by the Soviet authorities. Keywords: migration, a migration policy, a passport, a managed resettlement.